description::
"Much is used to describe mass nouns or noncount nouns like juice, rice, patience, and happiness. When using much, the noun will always be singular; it cannot be plural.
Many is used to describe count nouns or nouns that can be counted like books, ideas, leaves, and shoes. When using many, the noun will always be plural."
[{2021-07-24 retrieved} https://www.learnersdictionary.com/qa/Much-Many-Count-Nouns-and-Mass-Nouns]
* quanto, main-noun:
· stxEngl: _stxSbj:[How many] _stxVrb:{did} _stxObj:[that]? ==> _stxSbj:[x] _stxVrb:{did} _stxObj:[that].
· stxEngl: _stxObj:[How many] _stxSbj:[you] _stxVrb:{want}? ==> _stxSbj:[you] _stxVrb:{want} _stxObj:[x].
description::
· quantity interrogative countableNo.
"Much is used to describe mass nouns or noncount nouns like juice, rice, patience, and happiness. When using much, the noun will always be singular; it cannot be plural.
Many is used to describe count nouns or nouns that can be counted like books, ideas, leaves, and shoes. When using many, the noun will always be plural."
[{2021-07-24 retrieved} https://www.learnersdictionary.com/qa/Much-Many-Count-Nouns-and-Mass-Nouns]
description::
"A numeral system (or system of numeration) is a writing system for expressing numbers; that is, a mathematical notation for representing numbers of a given set, using digits or other symbols in a consistent manner.
The same sequence of symbols may represent different numbers in different numeral systems. For example, "11" represents the number eleven in the decimal numeral system (used in common life), the number three in the binary numeral system (used in computers), and the number two in the unary numeral system (e.g. used in tallying scores)."
[{2022-02-05 retrieved} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeral_system]
name::
* McsEngl.number'numeral-system,
* McsEngl.numeral-system,
====== langoGreek:
* McsElln.αριθμητικό-σύστημα!=numeral-system,
* McsElln.σύστημα-αρίθμησης!=numeral-system,
===
"Numeral systems are sometimes called number systems, but that name is ambiguous, as it could refer to different systems of numbers, such as the system of real numbers, the system of complex numbers, the system of p-adic numbers, etc."
[{2022-02-05 retrieved} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeral_system]
converter.numeral-systems
description::
· type a-number in any numeral-system and hit Enter:
description::
* alphabetic--numeral-system,
* positional--numeral-system,
* unary--numeral-system,
* binary--numeral-system,
* decimal--numeral-system,
* hexadecimal--numeral-system,
* sexagecimal--numeral-system,
"Numbers should be distinguished from numerals, the symbols used to represent numbers. The Egyptians invented the first ciphered numeral system, and the Greeks followed by mapping their counting numbers onto Ionian and Doric alphabets.[12] Roman numerals, a system that used combinations of letters from the Roman alphabet, remained dominant in Europe until the spread of the superior Hindu–Arabic numeral system around the late 14th century, and the Hindu–Arabic numeral system remains the most common system for representing numbers in the world today.[13][better source needed] The key to the effectiveness of the system was the symbol for zero, which was developed by ancient Indian mathematicians around 500 AD.[13]"
[{2022-02-05 retrieved} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number#Numerals]
"When used purely as a number or in ordinal, decimal, fractional，mathematical situations or in multi-digit numbers, we prefer “二” rather than “两”.
· stxZhon: 我有十二块钱。 != I have twelve kuai.
· stxZhon: 他是第二个进来的人。 != He is the second person who entered.
“两” is often used when followed by measure words (except for Chinese traditional units).
· stxZhon: 现在两点。 != It’s two o’clock now.
· stxZhon: 我买了两本书。 != I bought two books.
“俩” is totally different from the other two. “俩” means “两个” when following a noun or pronoun and cannot be followed by any other measure word.
· stxZhon: 他们俩今年夏天想去旅行。 != The two of them want to go to travel this summer."
[{2023-05-23 retrieved} https://www.digmandarin.com/top-20-common-mistakes-chinese-learners-make.html]
description::
"Prior to 1974, the meaning of "billion" was drastically different on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. In the United Kingdom, a billion meant a million million, or 1 followed by 12 zeros, while in the United States, it meant a thousand million, or 1 followed by 9 zeros. That's a big difference, and it didn't end there. The same problem plagued the lesser-used terms "trillion," "quadrillion," and "quintillion."
Luckily for everyone, British Prime Minister Harold Wilson decided to rid the British of the extra zeros and conform to the American -- and international -- definition."
[{2021-03-15} https://www.wisegeek.com/when-is-a-billion-not-a-billion.htm]
description::
· N = {0, 1, 2, ...}
===
"In mathematics, the natural numbers are those used for counting (as in "there are six coins on the table") and ordering (as in "this is the third largest city in the country"). In common mathematical terminology, words colloquially used for counting are "cardinal numbers" and words connected to ordering represent "ordinal numbers". The natural numbers can, at times, appear as a convenient set of codes (labels or "names"); that is, as what linguists call nominal numbers, foregoing many or all of the properties of being a number in a mathematical sense."
[{2019-09-16} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_number]
"In mathematics, a natural number (also called counting number) can mean either an element of the set {1, 2, 3, ...} (the positive integers) or an element of the set {0, 1, 2, 3, ...} (the non-negative integers). The latter is especially preferred in mathematical logic, set theory, and computer science.
Natural numbers have two main purposes: they can be used for counting ("there are 3 apples on the table"), and they can be used for ordering ("this is the 3rd largest city in the country").
Properties of the natural numbers related to divisibility, such as the distribution of prime numbers, are studied in number theory. Problems concerning counting, such as Ramsey theory, are studied in combinatorics.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_number {2008-12-08}]
description::
"An integer (from the Latin integer meaning "whole")[note 1] is a number that can be written without a fractional component. For example, 21, 4, 0, and −2048 are integers, while 9.75, 5 1/2, and √2 are not.
The set of integers consists of zero (0), the positive natural numbers (1, 2, 3, ...), also called whole numbers or counting numbers,[2][3] and their additive inverses (the negative integers, i.e., −1, −2, −3, ...). The set of integers is often denoted by a boldface Z ("Z") or blackboard bold {Z} (Unicode U+2124 ℤ) standing for the German word Zahlen ([ˈtsaːlən], "numbers").[4][5]
Z is a subset of the set of all rational numbers Q, in turn a subset of the real numbers R. Like the natural numbers, Z is countably infinite."
[{2019-09-16} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer]
description::
"In mathematics, the real numbers may be described informally as numbers that can be given by an infinite decimal representation, such as 2.4871773339…. The real numbers include both rational numbers, such as 42 and -23/129, and irrational numbers, such as π and the square root of 2, and can be represented as points along an infinitely long number line."
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_number]
description::
· definiteNo-quantity is a-quantity WITHOUT clear boundaries.
===
· quantifier is an-indefinitequantity.
===
"In linguistics and grammar, a quantifier is a type of determiner, such as all, some, many, few, a lot, and no, (but not specific numerals)[clarification needed] that indicates quantity.[1]"
[{2019-09-13} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantifier_(linguistics)]
=== all!~adjeEngl!=quantoDefNoAll:
· stxEngl: All animals need food.
=== every!~adjeEngl!=quantoDefNoAll:
· stxEngl: Every animal needs food.
· stxEngl: I heard every word you said.
=== each!~adjeEngl!=quantoDefNoAll:individually:
· stxEngl: Marathon participants will each receive a T-shirt.
· stxZhon: Each computer crashed.
· focus on individuals.
=== each-one!=quantoDefNoAll:individually:
· stxZhon: Each one of the companies donated to charity.
=== each-and-every!=quantoDefNoAll:individually:
· stxEngl: Do not leave without checking each and every door to make sure it is locked.
=== dōu-都!=quantoDefNoAll:
· stxZhon: 他们 都 在 上海 。 :: _stxSbj:[Tāmen dōu] _stxSbjc:[zài shànghǎi]. != They are all in Shanghai.
=== měi..dōu-每..都!=quantoDefNoAll:
· stxZhon: 每 个 菜 都 好吃。 :: _stxSbj:[Měi gè cài dōu] _stxSbjc:[hǎochī]. != Every dish is delicious.
=== shénme..dōu-什么..都!=quantoDefNoAll:
· stxZhon: 我们 什么 果汁 都 喝。 :: Wǒmen shénme guǒzhī dōu _stxVrb:{hē}. != We drink any kind of fruit juice.
· stxZhon: 中国 的 历史 爸爸 什么 都 知道。 :: _stxObj:[Zhōngguó de lìshǐ] _stxSbj:[bàba] _stxQuantity:[shénme dōu] _stxVrb:{zhīdào}. != My dad knows everything about Chinese history.
description::
"any, whatever, whatsoever -- (one or some or every or all without specification;
"give me any peaches you don't want";
"not any milk is left";
"any child would know that";
"pick any card";
"any day now";
"cars can be rented at almost any airport";
"at twilight or any other time";
"beyond any doubt";
"need any help we can get";
"give me whatever peaches you don't want";
"no milk whatsoever is left")"
[wordnet 2.0]
description::
"Paucal number, for a few (as opposed to many) instances of the referent (e.g. in Hopi, Warlpiri, Lower Sepik-Ramu languages,[21] some Oceanic languages including Fijian,[22] Motuna,[23] Serbo-Croatian,[24] and in Arabic for some nouns). Paucal number has also been documented in some Cushitic languages of Ethiopia, including Baiso, which marks singular, paucal, plural.[25] When paucal number is used in Arabic, it generally refers to ten or fewer instances.
Of the Indo-European languages, Northern Kurdish or Kurmanji is one of the few known languages with paucal number. For instance: "car-IN-an" (sometimes), cf. "gelek car-an" (many times).[clarification needed] In Russian, the genitive singular is also applied to three or four items (2, 3, 4 ка́мня – stones, gen. sg.; but 5...20 камне́й – stones, gen. pl.), making it effectively paucal (cf. э́тот ка́мень – this stone, nom. sg.; э́ти ка́мни – these stones, nom. pl.). Polish functions similarly: 'one dog' is jeden pies', while (2, 3, 4 psy – dogs, pl.; but 5+ psσw - dogs, gen. pl.). Slovene has one more distinction. With its use of dual ('one dog' is en pes, 'two dogs' is dva psa), paucal is only used for counting 3 and 4 (3, 4 psi – dogs, pl.; but 5+ psov – dogs, gen.pl.)."
[{2019-08-25} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_number#Paucal]
=== jǐ-几:
· stxZhon: 桌子 上 有 几 本 书。 :: _stxSpace:[Zhuōzi (shàng)] _stxVrb:{yǒu} _stxSbjc:[jǐ běn shū]. != [table (on)] {exist} [a few books] != There are a few books on the table.
· "One of the definitions of the common character 几 (jǐ) is "several," "a couple" or "a few." It's an uncertain number that is at least more than one, and probably less than five, but definitely less than ten."
[{2023-06-23 retrieved} https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Using_%22ji%22_to_mean_%22several%22]
· stxZhon: 他 只 想 学 几 十 个 汉字。 :: _stxSbj:[Tā] _stxArg:[zhǐ] _stxVrb:{xiǎng} _stxObj:[{xué} jǐ shí gè Hànzì]. != He only wants to study a few tens of Chinese characters.
=== shǎo-少:
· stxZhon:_stxSbj:[商店] _stxSbjc:[不少] Shāngdiàn bù shǎo != [shops] [not few].
=== yǒudiǎn-有点:
· stxZhon: 我 有点 饿。 :: _stxSbj:[Wǒ] _stxSbjc:[yǒudiǎn è]. != I'm a little hungry.
=== yīxià-一下!=quantoDefNoFew:
· stxZhon: 请 你 等 一下。 : _stxArg:[Qǐng] _stxSbj:[nǐ] _stxVrb:{děng} _stxQuantity:[yīxià]. != Please wait a little bit.
=== duō-多:
· stxZhon: 汽车 很多。 :: _stxSbj:[Qìchē] _stxSbjc:[hěnduō]。 != [car] [many]
· stxZhon: 一个人 多 好！ _stxSbj:[Yīgèrén] _stxSbjc:[duō hǎo]! != It's so nice being alone!
· "多 (duō) can be compared to 很 (hěn) in this case. If you use 很 (hěn) instead of 多 (duō), the meaning is basically the same. However 很 (hěn) is also used to make simple "noun + adjective" sentences, which might not be exclamatory at all, whereas 多 (duō) is used only for excited exclamations."
[{2023-06-18 retrieved} https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Intensifying_with_%22duo%22]
description::
· definiteNo, as required|necessary.
=== gòu-够!=quantoDefNoEnough:
· stxZhon: 这些 纸 够 用 吗 ？ :: Zhèxiē zhǐ gòu yòng ma? != [this paper] [enough] {use}? :: Is this paper enough for us to use?
=== tǐng..de-挺..的!=quantoDefNoEnough:
· stxZhon: 这个 老师 挺 年轻 的 。 :: Zhège lǎoshī tǐng niánqīng de. != This teacher is quite young.
description::
· average is a-quanto which is not small, not big in relation to others.
· bigness is a-relative-quanity to ALL specifics of ONE generic.
=== dà-大:
· stxZhon: 上海 有 很多 大 楼房。 :: _stxSbj:[Shànghǎi] _stxVrb:{yǒu} _stxSbjc:[[hěnduō][dà][lóufáng]]。 != [Shanghai] {has} [many big buildings].
· stxZhon: 我 家 不 太 大。 :: _stxSbj:[Wǒ jiā] _stxVrb:{bù} _stxSbjc:[tài dà]. != My house is not too big.
=== hěn-很!~adveZhon!=quantoBig:
· stxZhon: 我 很 想 你。 :: _stxSbj:[Wǒ] _stxQuantity:[hěn] _stxVrb:{xiǎng} _stxObj:[nǐ]. != I really miss you.
· with psychological verbs, such as: 想 (xiǎng) to think; to want; to miss, 喜欢 (xǐhuan) to like, 小心 (xiǎoxīn) to be careful, 怕 (pà) to fear; to be afraid of, 了解 (liǎojiě) to know a lot about, 讨厌 (tǎoyàn) to hate, 担心 (dānxīn) to worry about, 希望 (xīwàng) to hope,
[{2023-07-04 retrieved} https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Special_verbs_with_%22hen%22]
description::
"The long and short scales are two of several naming systems for integer powers of ten which use some of the same terms for different magnitudes.
For whole numbers smaller than 1,000,000,000 (10^9), such as one thousand or one million, the two scales are identical. For larger numbers, starting with 109, the two systems differ. For identical names, the long scale proceeds by powers of one million, whereas the short scale proceeds by powers of one thousand. For example, one billion is one thousand millions in the short scale, while it is one million millions in the long scale. The long scale system introduces new terms for the intervening values, typically replacing the word ending -ion with -iard."
[{2020-04-28} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_and_short_scales]
description::
"(adj) treble, threefold, three-fold, triple (three times as great or many) "a claim for treble (or triple) damages"; "a threefold increase""
[http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=threefold]
description::
· definiteNo, relative, more another.
· stxEngl: [[The per capita GDP] [(of) [(over) $9,800]]] _stxVrb:[is] [one of the highest in the region].
=== gèng-更:
· stxZhon: 这 两个 银行 哪 个 更 近？ _stxSbj:[Zhè liǎng gè yínháng] _stxSbjc:[nǎge gèng jìn]? != Between these two banks, which one is closer?
=== zài-再!~conjZhon!=rlnQuantityMore:
· stxZhon: 我 能 不 能 再 拿 两 个 ？ :: Wǒ néng bu néng zài ná liǎng gè? != Can I take two more?
=== zuì-最:
· stxZhon: 这 种 事 最 麻烦。 :: _stxSbj:[Zhè zhǒng] _stxVrb:{shì} _stxSbjc:[zuì máfan]. != These kind of things are the most troublesome.
· stxZhon: 小狗 最 可爱 了。 :: _stxSbj:[Xiǎogǒu] _stxSbjc:[zuì kě'ài] {le}. != The puppy is the cutest.
description::
· stxEngl: During the same period [the combined share of agriculture and manufacturing] _stxVrb:{declined} _stxQuantity:[(from) [12%] (to) [(less than) 10%]].
=== 从..到-cóng..dào:
· stxZhon: 从 2004 年 到 2008 年 (cóng) èr-líng-líng-sì nián (dào) èr-líng-líng-bā nián != from 2004 to 2008
=== 上..至-shàng..zhì:
· stxZhon: 我 上 九点 至五点 的 班。 :: _stxSbj:[Wǒ] _stxTime:[(shàng)jiǔdiǎn(zhì)wǔdiǎn (de)] _stxVrb:{bān}。 != I work from nine to five.
description::
· semo-number is a-semo-quantity used in semo-ondos and semo-verbs.
· number-semo-attribute of semo-concept[a] is the-semo-attribute that denotes quantities of the-semo-concept[a] such as: one-many, some-many, etc which is language dependent.
· semo-quantity is any semo-conceptlanguages create for the-quantity-concept.
description::
· quantity definite|definiteNo two.
"The distinction between a "singular" number (one) and a "plural" number (more than one) found in English is not the only possible classification. Another one is "singular" (one), "dual" (two) and "plural" (more than two). Dual number existed in Proto-Indo-European, persisted in many ancient Indo-European languages that descended from it—Sanskrit, Ancient Greek, Gothic, Old Norse, and Old English for example—and can still be found in a few modern Indo-European languages such as Slovene.[15] Many more modern Indo-European languages show residual traces of the dual, as in the English distinctions both vs. all, either vs. any, neither vs. none, and so on. Former dual forms may broaden their meanings: Norwegian bεde, for example, though cognate with English both, can be used with more than two things, as in X sparer bεde tid, penger, og arbeid, literally "X saves both time, money, and labour"."
[{2019-08-25} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_number]
description::
· quantity semo three.
"The trial number is a grammatical number referring to 'three items', in contrast to 'singular' (one item), 'dual' (two items), and 'plural' (four or more items). Several Austronesian languages such as Tolomako, Lihir, and Manam; the Kiwaian languages; and the Austronesian-influenced creole languages Bislama and Tok Pisin have the trial number in their pronouns. No language has been documented to have trial number in its nouns.[citation needed]"
[{2019-08-25} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_number]
SEARCH::
· this page uses 'locator-names', names that when you find them, you find the-LOCATION of the-concept they denote.
⊛ GLOBAL-SEARCH:
· clicking on the-green-BAR of a-page you have access to the-global--locator-names of my-site.
· use the-prefix 'quantity' for sensorial-concepts related to current concept 'abstract-quantity'.
⊛ LOCAL-SEARCH:
· TYPE CTRL+F "McsLag4.words-of-concept's-name", to go to the-LOCATION of the-concept.
· a-preview of the-description of a-global-name makes reading fast.
footer::
• author: Kaseluris.Nikos.1959 • email:
• edit on github: https://github.com/synagonism/McsWorld/blob/master/dirCor/McsCor000010.last.html,
• comments on Disqus,
• twitter: @synagonism,
